Fuel efficiency in AWD - System

Fuel efficiency in AWD - System

Abstract :

This degree project has been made in cooperation with engineers working for GM Engineering/Saab Automobile AB in Trollhättan. The given name by Saab for the project is “Fuel efficiency improvements in All Wheel Drive(AWD)-system”. The main tasks of this thesis work were to investigate the size of the power losses in different parts on the propeller shaft, to design a computer program that calculates coordinates and angles on a propeller shaft and to investigate the possibilities to put together a simplified formula that calculates the natural frequencies on a propeller shaft.

The main parts of this report are a compilation of the theory about AWD and mostly about the parts on the propeller shaft, and also a description of the developed computer program called Propeller Shaft Calculator. This report doesn’t concern power losses in the different joints because there were no such general equations to be found. The most common way to calculate the power losses inside a joint is to do tests were the power loss is measured at different angles, torque and speed and then use that data to put together an approximated equation.
Most of the work on this project has been on theory studies and on programming.

Simulation Of Thermal Stresses In a Disc Brake

Simulation Of Thermal Stresses In a Disc Brake

Abstract :

The heat flux produced from the friction between a disc and pad system leads to a high temperature which causes thermal stresses in the disc and after a number of repeated braking cycles, cracks might be initiated. The finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to determine the temperatures profile in the disc and to analyze the stresses for the repeated braking, which could be used to calculate the fatigue life of a disc.

Sequentially coupled approach is used for thermo-mechanical problem and the problem is divided into two parts, heat analysis and thermal stress analysis. The heat analysis is obtained by including frictional heat and adopting an Eulerian approach. The heat analysis is conducted by using Abaqus and the toolbox developed by Niclas Strömberg. The thermal stress analysis, which is the main focus of this thesis, is followed using Abaqus. The plasticity theory as background for stress analysis is discussed in detail. The rate independent elasto-plastic plasticity is used in the stress analysis. Temperature independent material properties are considered throughout the thesis work.

Isotropic, kinematic and combined hardening models are analyzed for simple 2D academic models for different types of cyclic loads. A benchmark disc and pad model, which is less complicated than the real disc-pad model, is also studied. The linear kinematic hardening model with rate independent elastic-plastic plasticity is used for benchmark and real disc-pad model. The results of the benchmark model and the real model are observed to be similar in terms of plasticity theory.

Automatic Design Of Wiring Pattern For Car Seat Heaters

Automatic Design Of Wiring Pattern For Car Seat Heaters

Abstract :

This projects aims to develop design automation in product development. Design automation
causes increase in producibility and decrease in product cost and manufacturing lead time.

The study at hand is proposed to provide a new method and to introduce procedure to the design of wiring pattern for a car seat heater for Kongsberg Automotive, KA. KA is a Norwegian company and a global provider of engineering, design, and manufacture for seat comfort, driver and motion control systems, fluid assemblies, and industrial driver interface products. The method that currently is used in the company to create a wiring pattern is neither sufficient enough nor automated.
In order to design the wiring pattern, at first procedure is handled by the designer. Secondly, car
seat heater 2D layout is imported and then, the dimensions of the elements are defined as
constraints. Then VBA codes are opened and the program is run. The result will be a wiring
pattern in different 2D layouts. To make the design process easier, we have modeled five different layouts; wiring pattern of one element, two elements, three elements, five elements (with two back sides) and one element trapezoidal 2D layout.

The algorithm written in VBA (Visual basic for application) creates the pattern according to the
dimensions of the elements which are used as inputs to define constrained parameters. The created macros are simple to use and easy to modify, independent from the programming knowledge. The user is only responsible with parameter input and running the program. The solution gives wiring pattern for a car seat heater.

CFD Measurements of the Cooling Air in a DC-Motor

Latest Mechanical Engineering Seminar Topic on CFD Measurements of the Cooling Air in a DC-Motor

 Abstract :

The cooling system of a DC-motor is examined in this thesis. A change of direction of the
cooling air is desired to prevent the generated coal dust from entering into the windings of the
machine. Ultimately this will have a negative effect on the cooling in the machine and the loss
of cooling needs to be compensated through other ways. The purpose of this thesis is to work
for an improved operational safety and performance of the DC-motor and to make it more
competitive in the market. By modelling the interior geometry of the machine and defining
the boundaries in the software programs Gambit and FLUENT respectively, the motion and
the heat transfer of the airflow could be simulated. The simulation results would give us an
understanding of the flow pattern which later could be used to develop design modifications
on the cooling system of a DC-motor. In this thesis the main focus lies on creating a
simulation model with a sufficiently fine mesh size.

Summary :

The cooling system in a certain rotating machine of the type direct current (DC-) motor is
examined in this thesis. In a DC-motor there is coal dust generated at the connecting surfaces
between a stationary part where the electric current is inserted to the rotor (the Brushes) and
the adjoining rotating surface (the Commutator). This dust is sucked in through the windings
of the machine when the airflow is going from the non-drive side of the machine, which is the
most common nowadays, and this dust is causing a lot of damage. The idea investigated in
this thesis is to drive the airflow through the machine from the opposite side, the drive side,
and by doing so also avoid getting the dust into the machine. From a thermodynamic point of
view though this is less efficient and the deterioration of the cooling should be counteracted
by improving the cooling in other ways. The purpose is to work for an improvement of the
operational safety and the performance of the DC-motor and to make it more competitive in
the market.

The first and main goal with this thesis work was to create a simplified model of the DCmotor
that simulates the flow and heat transfer of the cooling air through the system. This
model could then be used to analyze the airflow through the machine. By examining different
properties of the cooling air it would eventually lead to a better understanding of the general
motion and heat-transfer pattern of the air in the system. The final objective would have been
to use the simulation model and the knowledge of the patterns in the fluid to develop design
modifications in the machine that would improve the cooling. Unfortunately this goal was
never reached because of the complexity of the task and time limitation of the thesis.
For the building up and the simulation of the created models the software programs Gambit
and FLUENT were used. First of all a simple 2D model version was made to give us an
overview of what kind of problems that could occur during modelling and simulation. A cross
section segment of the Commutator was modelled and simulation results of the velocity and
temperature in the airflow were generated from it. From those results it was noted that there
was a short cutting airflow along the outer wall where cold air went directly from the inlet to
the outlet passage, and another flow closer to the Commutator wall that was circulating in a
vortex formation distributing the heat from the surface to a larger area.

The main modelling work was put on a 3D-model of the DC-motor with sizes of geometry
and mesh parametrisized. Since the modelling was rather complex it was delimited to include
just the Commutator part of the machine. Further it was necessary to systemize the geometry
building to get a higher level of control and this was accomplished by defining the whole
geometry in Python script which would generate a Gambit journal file when compiled. In the
Python script the geometry was divided into three separate sections, each projected onto a
general radial plane, and there after extruded stepwise in the axial direction. The formed
volumes could then be activated or deactivated from its mesh according to the conditions in
the machine which is reproduced. Because of the structure in the axial direction it is possible
to use prism-shaped mesh cells in each section and thereby decrease the number of mesh cells needed. All the volumes containing air were meshed and simulated as well as one solid
volume, the copper layer on the Commutator surface where axial heat conduction occurs.
Further the turbulence model used here was the k-omega model. It was chosen because it was
more convenient since you are able to use both a near wall function and a function for the
wall roughness for the same surface.

Aeronautical Engineering Seminar Topics

Latest Seminar Topics For Aeronautical Engineering 2014 Collection of latest seminar topics for Aeronautical engineering 2013. Download full latest seminar topics for Aeronautical engineering 2013

List of Aeronautical Engineering Seminar and Project reports. It will very help full to the student of Aeronautical Engineers.

Aeronautical Engineering

Advanced flight technology,
Aeronautical satellite communications,
Max launch abort systems,
Improvement and Implementation of Aerospace testing technology,
Gas-generator cycle (rocket)
Re-Entry Of Space Vehicle
Ramjet, Scramjet Engines
Aircraft navigation Systems
Space Shuttles And Its Advancements
Advances in Rocket Propulsion
Quasi Turbine Engines
Low Cost Spacecraft Simulator
Clearance of Space Debris
Materials used in Space Re-entry Vehicles
Fuel Cells on Aerospace
Advanced flight technology
Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster

Environmental Engineering Science

Latest Seminar Topics For Environmental Engineering 2014 Collection of latest seminar topics for Environmental engineering 2013. Download full latest seminar topics for Environmental engineering 2013 

Environmental Engineering Science is the integration of Science and engineering principles to improve the natural environment, to provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation and for other organisms, and to re-mediate pollution sites.

Environmental Engineering Science

1. Carbon Abatement Technologies[CATs]
2. Co-firing with a CO2-neutral biomass
3. Supercritical and IGCC coal-fired power plant
4. Saline aquifers
5. Global Environmental Facility
6. Environmental impact assessment and mitigation
7. Water supply and treatmentElectrostatic precipitators
8. Catalytic converters
9. Volatile organic compounds (VOC)
10. Reactive organic gases (ROG)
11. Recycled container housing
12. Organic production of high-value products from seaweed
13. Floating, ecological, multi-power source desalination plant
14. Hyper-sound water-purifying system
15. Green IT concept
16. Treadmills that convert the rotation of the belt into electricity
17. Designer shopping Cloth bags
18. Reusing instead of recycling packaging
19. Environmental policy and regulation development
20. Contaminated land management and site remediation
21. Hazardous waste management
22. Solid waste management

Enjoy Environmental Engineering Seminar Topics List.

List of Engineering Branches in India

List of Top Engineering Branches |  Engineering Streams | Engineering Fields in India

A

1. Aeronautical Engineering
2. Aerospace Engineering
3. Agricultural and Food Engineering 
4. Agricultural and Irrigation Engineering
5. Agricultural Engineering
6. Aircraft Manufacturing and Maintenance Engineering
7. Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 
8. Architecture Engineering  
9. Automation and Robotics
10. Automobile Engineering 
11. Automotive Engineering.

B

1. Bio Engineering 
2. Bio-Medical and Instrumentation Engineering
3. Biochemical Engineering
4. Biological Sciences and Bioengineering
5. Biomedical Engineering
6. Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering
7. Biotechnology Engineering
8. Building and Construction Engineering

C

1. Carpet and Textile Technology
2. Ceramic Engineering 
3. Ceramics and Cement Engineering
4. Chemical and Polymer Engineering
5. Chemical Ceramic Technology
6. Chemical Engineering 
7. Civil and Structural Engineering 
8. Civil Engineering  
9. Civil Environmental Engineering
10. Computer Science Engineering
11. Construction Technology 
12. Construction Technology and Management

D

1. Dairy Technology 

 E

1. Economics
2. Electrical and Communications Engineering
3. Electrical and Electronics Engineering 
4. Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering
5. Electrical Engineering 
6. Electronics and Biomedical Engineering
7. Electronics and Communication Engineering
8. Electronics and Computer Engineering
9. Electronics and Electrical Communication
10. Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering
11. Electronics and Media Technology
12. Electronics and Power Engineering  
13. Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering 
14. Electronics Control Systems Engineering 
15. Electronics Engineering  
16. Electronics Engineering - Design and Manufacturing  
17. Electronics Product Design Technology 
18. Engineering Chemistry 
19. Engineering Physics 
20. Environmental Engineering.

 F 

1. Fashion and Apparel Engineering
2. Fashion Technology
3. Food and Biochemical Engineering  
4. Food Processing and Technology
5. Food Technology 

G 

1. General Science  
2. Genetic Engineering
3. Geo informatics
4. Geosciences and Remote Sensing
5. Geo-technical Engineering

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

IEEE Paper DSP Projects

Latest IEEE Paper DSP Projects

1. Adaptive Non-separable Wavelet Transform via Lifting and its Application to Content-Based Image Retrieval
2. Automatic Histogram Threshold Using Fuzzy Measures
3. Salient Motion Features for Video Quality Assessment
4. An optimal data hiding scheme with tree-based parity check
5. Variational region-based segmentation using multiple texture statistics
6. Generic Loss less Visible Watermarking—A New Approach
7. Improving Shape Retrieval by Spectral Matching and Meta Similarity
8. Adaptive Directional Wavelet Transform based on Directional Pre-filtering
9. Edge Detecting for Range Data using Laplacian Operators
10. A Simple Linear Multi user Pre-coding Technique inCellular Relay Networks
11. Design of Spreading Permutations for MIMO-CDMA Based on Space-Time Block Codes
12. Adaptive Active Constellation Extension Algorithm forPeak-to-Average Ratio Reduction in OFDM
13. Analysis of BER Performance in Presence of Nonlinear Distortion Due to PD-HPA in Downlink DS-CDMA Signals
14. Oversampling to Reduce the Effect of Timing Jitter onHigh Speed OFDM Systems
15. New Companding Transform for PAPR Reduction in OFDM
16. Multi objective Optimization for Pre-DFT Combining inCoded SIMO-OFDM Systems
17. Image classification by K-men’s clustering
18. Data hiding in grayscale images by dynamic programming based on a human visual model
19. A Novel Invisible and Blind Watermarking Scheme For Copyright Protection of Digital Images
20. An Automatic Wavelet-based Nonlinear ImageEnhancement Technique for Aerial Imagery
21. Robust Scaling-Based Image Watermarking Using Maximum-Likelihood Decoder With Optimum Strength Factor
22. Audio Compression Using a Munich and Cambridge Morlet Wavelet
23. Image Encryption Using Binary Key-images
24. Fast LMS/Newton Algorithms for Stereophonic Acoustic Echo Cancellation
25. Image retrieval using both color and texture features
26. An Adaptive Steganographic Technique Based on Integer Wavelet Transform
27. A Robust Image Watermarking using Two Level DCT and Wavelet Packets De-noising

New IEEE Paper DSP Projects

1. Piecewise Lifting Scheme Based DWT to Model Human Vision Interpolation Phenomenon
2. Unified Relevance feedback frame work for web image retrieval
3. Reverse data hiding Based on histogram modification of pixel differences
4. Ensemble methods of face recognition based on bit plane decomposition
5. A pattern similarity scheme for medical image retrieval
6. Preamble based SNR estimation in frequency selective channels for wireless OFDM systems
7. A new delay less sub band adaptive filtering algorithm for active noise cancellation
8. Image segmentation using information bottle neck method
9. Effective fuzzy clustering Algorithm for abnormal MR Image segmentation
10. Adaptive fuzzy filtering for artifact reduction in composed images and video
11. Speech water marking for analog flat-fading band pass channels
12. Image and video de-noising using adaptive dual trace
13. discrete wavelets packets Gabor filter for texture extraction
14. Development of EMD-based de-noising methods inspired by wavelet thresholding
15. Effective Fuzzy C means clustering algorithm for MRI Brain tumor detection
16. Using Gabor Features for Multi Pose Face recognition in color images
17. Video Watermarking Algorithms Using the SVD Transform
18. Weighted Adaptive Lifting-Based Wavelet Transform for Image Coding
19. Image enhancement on quadratic programming
20. An Efficient Resource Allocation Strategy for Future Wireless Cellular Systems
21. Development of a Novel Voice Verification System using Wavelets
22. Counter let based Image water marking using Optimum detection in the noisy environment
23. Enhancement of Color Images by Scaling the DCT Coefficients
24. DWT-SVD based Dual Watermarking Scheme
25. Image enhancement based on quadratic programming
26. Color Histogram Features Based Image Classification in Content-Based Image Retrieval Systems
27. A Lossless Compression Scheme for Bayer Color Filter Array Images
28. Self-Adaptive Video Watermarking Based on the Motion Characteristic Detection and the Model of Entropy
29. Adaptive Bilateral Filter for Sharpness Enhancement and Noise Removal
30. Adaptive DS-CDMA Receiver with Code Tracking in Phase Unknown Environments
31. A Variable Step-Size Affine Projection Algorithm Designed for Acoustic Echo Cancellation
32. A Visual Information Encryption Scheme Based on Visual Cryptography and D-H Key Agreement Scheme
33. Acoustic Echo cancellation Algorithm Tolerable for double talk
34. Multi user detection in CDMA systems using PDA algorithm under AWGN
35. Higher Order SVD for dynamic texture analysis in video
36. Wavelet based palm print authentication system
37. A CMOS image sensor with focal plane SPIHT image compression
38. ECG signal de-noising and baseline wander correction using empirical mode decomposition
39. Audio de-noising by time frequency block thresholding
40. Variable step size NLMS algorithm for under modeling acoustic echo cancellation
41. A Wavelet based Statistical Method for De-Noising of Ocular Artifacts in EEG Signals
42. Blind self-authentication of images for robust watermarking using integer wavelet transform
43. MRI image segmentation based on fast global minimization of snake model
44. Robust image segmentation algorithm using fuzzy clustering based on kernel induced distance measure
45. Expansion Embedding Techniques for Reversible Watermarking
46. Reversible Image Watermarking Based on Integer-to-Integer Wavelet Transform
47. On Integer MDCT for Perceptual Audio Coding
48. Adaptive Algorithm for Speech Compression using Cosine Packet Transform
49. Performance analysis of Iterative channel estimation and multi user detection in multi user CDMA System
50. Time-Domain signal detection using second order statistics for MIMO-OFDM systems
51. Pre DFT processing for MIMO OFDM systems with space time frequency coding
52. Low power variable block size motion estimation using pixel truncation
53. Steganography using BPCS to the IWT image
54. Wavelet based image authentication and recovery
55. Post processing low bit rate block DCT coded images based on fields of experts prior
56. Natural image compression based on modified SPIHT (Wavelet packets)
57. Image blur reduction for cell cameras via adaptive tonal correction
58. Morphological component analysis ;An adaptive thresholding analysis
59. Analysis of pixel level multi sensor medical image fusion
60. SVD Based Blind Video Watermarking Algorithm
61. Channel estimation and prediction for adaptive OFDM downlinks
62. Channel estimation based on extended kalman filtering for MIMO-OFDM systems
63. Maximum Likelihood carrier frequency offset estimation for OFDM systems in fading channels
64. Performance analysis of IEEE 802.11a physical layer
65. An improved visual cryptography for secret hiding. 

MTech  IEEE Paper DSP Projects

1. Curved wavelet transform for image coding
2. Sliced Ridge let transform for image denoising
3. Low complexity multi resolution image codec using lifting wavelet transform
4. Lossless compression of color map images by context tree modeling
5. Non parametric Linear time invariant system identification by DWT
6. A Full rank regularization technique for MMSE detection in Multi user CDMA systems
7. Extended JPEG 2000 image compression systems
8. Channel Estimation and prediction for adaptive OFDMA/TDMA uplinks based on non overlapping pilot signals
9. Wavelets for increasing spectral efficiency in a digital communication system
10. Downlink BER simulation for IEEE 802.16e OFDM physical layer
11. Channel Code tracking in wireless OFDM Systems
12. Warped DCT based noisy speech enhancement
13. Data embedding scrambled digital video
14. A wavelet based denoising technique for Ocular arti-fact correction of the EEG Signal
15. Robust adaptive kalman filtering based speech enhancement algorithm
16. An adaptive KLT approach for speech enhancement
17. Video watermarking using discrete wavelet transforms
18. Morphological processing for color images
19. Content based image retrieval with realistic color images
20. Steganography using BPCS with Multi wavelet transform
21. Image codec based on GHM,CAL,SAS Multi wavelets
22. Fingerprint enhancement using STFT analysis
23. Image de-noising using ROF (Fixed point filtering) method
24. Implementation of IRIS Recognition system using HOUGH transforms
25. Facial recognition system using PCA Analysis
26. Fingerprint recognition system using ridge thinning method
27. Speaker recognition using MFCC and feature mapping with GMM
28. Brain Tumor detection using color K-means clustering
29. Content based Speech watermarking using DWT
30. Analyzing equalizer effects for a speech signals
31. Blind and Semi-Blind De-blurring of Natural Images. 

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Project On Energy Meter Per Hour Average Max and Min Load Display On LCD

 Energy Meter Per Hour Average Max and Min Load Display On LCD

Now days there is rapid increase in the power consumption, which has given rise

to the scarcity in the power generation. There should be an immediate change in this

situation are else the results cannot be even imagined. This not only results in scarcity but

also imposes burden on the common man. This problem can be solved by monitoring the

average power consumption with max and min load which can help the user to monitor

the health status of his load devices as well as to have a control over the power being

consumed daily. This system also helps Transco department to impose tax if the average

power consumption per hour is more than the prescribed level by which we can control

the consumer from wasting the power.

So our aim in designing this device is to fulfill the multiple purposes of the

consumer and finally impart a control over the power consumption so that there will not

be any hazardous results in the near future due to the power scarcity. The device input

and output modules are controlled with help of a micro controller, which can be termed

as a control unit for the entire system. The energy meter is interfaced to the

microcontroller with the help of an interfacing circuit. This interfacing circuit is

something similar to a counter, which is capable of counting the pulses with respect to the

power consumed by the user. The microcontroller takes the responsibility to count these

pulses and derive the equivalent average, Min and Max loads for that hour duration. The

amount of power consumed is displayed on this LCD. In addition to this the controller is

also interfaced with few LED indicators.

The design of this system is very much sensitive and should be handled with

utmost care because the micro-controller is a 5 volts device and it is employed to monitor

the household power consumption per hour where it should be interfaced with a 240 volts

energy meter. So every small parameter should be given high importance while designing

 the interfacing circuit between the controller and the energy meter. The major advantage

of this system is its reliability to operate and a user-friendly output.

New Electronics and Telecommunication Topics

Latest Electronics and Telecommunication Topics

1. Electronic Applications of carbon Nano Tubes
2. Steganography In Images
3. Fuzzy Logic
4. Nano-polymerTechnology
5. Implementation Of Zoom Fft In Ultrasonic Blood Flow Analysis – Using Tms320c5x/6x(Code Composer) Dsp Processor.
6. FACE RECOGNITION USING NEURAL NETWORKS
7. BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION COMPUTER AIDED FIELD OF VISION
8. Palladium Cryptography
9. Data Security
10. Semiconductor Devices- A New Revolution In Memories
11. Artificial Neural Networks
12. NANOTECHNOLOGY-ASSEMBLER DESIGN AND NANO-COMMUNICATION
13. Transient Stability Assessment Using Neural Networks
14. GSM Security And Encryption
15. Spin Valve Transistor
16. An efficient algorithm for iris pattern recognition using 2D Gabor wavelet transformation in Matlab
17. WISE NET-Wireless Sensor Network
18. Optical Networking And Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
19. Wireless Technology – Bluetooth
20. Prototype System Design For Tele-medicine Using Fixed Wireless Internet
21. Optical Mouse
22. Nano Technology
23. Military Radars

Mtch Electronics and Telecommunication Topics

1. Cruise Control Devices
2. Boiler Instrumentation and Controls
3. Bio-magnetism
4. Bi-CMOS Technology
5. Cable Modems
6. Global Positioning System
7. Image Processing & Compression Techniques
8. MICRO CONTROLLERBASED POWER THEFT IDENTIFICATION
9. Robotics
10. Design Of 2-D Filters Using A Parallel Processor Architecture
11. Nano Technology
12. Bluetooth Based Smart Sensor Networks
13. MIMO Wireless Channels: Capacity and Performance Prediction
14. Real-Time Image Processing Applied To Traffic – Queue Detection Algorithm
15. RTOS -Vx Works
16. Evolution of Embedded Systems
17. Emerging Trends In Robotics
18. Optical Burst Switching
19. Psycho Physiological Credibility Assessment
20. Wireless internet access: 3g vs wi-fi
21. The Thought Translation Device (Ttd)
22. Optical Switching
23. Optical Computing Technology
24. NavBelt and GuideCane
25. Malty sensor Fusion and Integration
26. MOCT
27. MEMS Switches
28. Micro mechanical System for System-on-Chip Connectivity
29. Line-Reflect-Reflect Technique
30. Landmine detection using impulse ground penetrating radar
31. Interactive Voice Response System
32. Integration of IT in machine tools
33. Integrated Power Electronics Module
34. Image Authentication Techniques
35. Free Space Optics 

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Civil Engineering Seminar Topics

 Lates Topics Of Civil Engineering Seminar

Civil Engineering

 

Green Concrete
Waste water Treatment for Constructed Wetlands
Principles of Structural Steel Design
Biological Waste water Treatment
Advanced Waste water Treatment
Storm Water Management; Control & Regulation
Principles of Reinforced Concrete Design
Earthquake Resistant Structural Design
Fluid Dynamics for Piping Design
Reinforced Concrete
An Earthquake Induced Ground Failure: Liquefaction
Fundamentals of Ground Modification Techniques for Earthworks
Environmental Site Assessment
Design of Light Weight Fills Using EPS Geo foams
Soil Mechanics

New Topis on Civil Engineering Seminar

Failure Analysis of Water Main Breaks
Failure Analysis of Bronze Valves and Shaft Caps
Failure Analysis of Materials & Structures
Failure Analysis of Materials & Structures
Civil/Environmental Engineering Projects Using GPS Information
Design of Shallow Foundations
Design of Deep Foundations
Permanent & Temporary Soil Retaining Structures
Practical Solutions for Soil Retention & Slope Stability
Environmental Site Assessment
Design Innovations for Special Structures
Environmental Aspects of LEED for Existing Buildings
Energy Auditing Fundamentals of a LEED Environment
The Process of "Performance Rating" for New Buildings
Virtual Design and Construction Fundamentals
Inspection of Short Span Bridges
Operation of a Bio-Solid De-watering Facility
Inspection of Girders Supporting Light Rail Trestles
Inspection of Girders Supporting Light Rail Trestles
Safety Inspection of Arterial Bridges
Analysis and Design of Sheet Piles 

Download the Civil Engineering Seminar Topics Here...

WLAN-Wireless LAN

ABSTRACT of WLAN-Wireless LAN

The term “Computer Network” to mean a collection of autonomous computers interconnected by a single technology .By this interconnection they are able to exchange information. Local Area Networks are privately owned networks within a single building or campus of few kilometers in size. In a traditional LAN we are connecting computers to the network through cables. But the wireless local area network (WLAN) is a flexible data communications system that can use either infrared or radio frequency technology to transmit and receive information over the air. Here each computer has a radio Modem and Antenna with which it can communicate with other systems. One important advantage of WLAN is the simplicity of its installation. Installing a wireless LAN system is easy and can eliminate the needs to pull cable through walls and ceilings. WLANs allow greater flexibility and portability than do traditional wired local area networks (LAN). 802.11 was implemented as the first WLAN standard. It is based on radio technology operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency and has a maximum throughput of 1 to 2 Mbps.

Hadoop

Computing in its purest form, has changed hands multiple times. First, from near the beginning mainframes were predicted to be the future of computing. Indeed mainframes and large scale machines were built and used, and in some circumstances are used similarly today. The trend, however, turned from bigger and more expensive, to smaller and more affordable commodity PCs and servers.

Most of our data is stored on local networks with servers that may be clustered and sharing storage. This approach has had time to be developed into stable architecture, and provide decent redundancy when deployed right. A newer emerging technology, cloud computing, has shown up demanding attention and quickly is changing the direction of the technology landscape. Whether it is Google’s unique and scalable Google File System, or Amazon’s robust Amazon S3 cloud storage model, it is clear that cloud computing has arrived with much to be gleaned from.

Cloud computing is a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualizes resources are provided as a service over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure in the “cloud” that supports them. 

Need for large data processing

We live in the data age. It’s not easy to measure the total volume of data stored electronically, but an IDC estimate put the size of the “digital universe” at 0.18 zettabytes in 2006, and is forecasting a tenfold growth by 2011 to 1.8 zettabytes.
Some of the large data processing needed areas include:-

• The New York Stock Exchange generates about one terabyte of new trade data per day.

• Facebook hosts approximately 10 billion photos, taking up one petabyte of storage.

• Ancestry.com, the genealogy site, stores around 2.5 petabytes of data.

• The Internet Archive stores around 2 petabytes of data, and is growing at a rate of 20 terabytes per month.

• The Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, Switzerland, will produce about 15 petabytes of data per year.

The problem is that while the storage capacities of hard drives have increased massively over the years, access speeds—the rate at which data can be read from drives have not kept up. One typical drive from 1990 could store 1370 MB of data and had a transfer speed of 4.4 MB/s,§ so we could read all the data from a full drive in around five minutes. Almost 20 years later one terabyte drives are the norm, but the transfer speed is around 100 MB/s, so it takes more than two and a half hours to read all the data off the disk. This is a long time to read all data on a single drive—and writing is even slower. The obvious way to reduce the time is to read from multiple disks at once. Imagine if we had 100 drives, each holding one hundredth of the data. Working in parallel, we could read the data in under two minutes.This shows the significance of distributed computing.

Embedded Zero Tree – Algorithm for Image Coding

Embedded Zero Tree – Algorithm for Image Coding

In the present digital world, we manage and store different types of data like video,music,images, text files etc digitally in our computers which basically are digital systems. In the case of storing any media type we always look forward to minimum size and maximum quality. When we consider the case of storing an image, we always adopt a “compress and store” algorithm, in which the image is first compressed to reduce the space occupied by the image using compression algorithms and then the data is written into the memory for storage. There are already many algorithms available for image compression and storing and they are being used based on the application and importance of the data. Embedded Zero tree Wavelet (EZW) algorithm is an efficient compression algorithm which is comparatively a newcomer in the field of image coding.

INTRODUCTION

EZW algorithm is a lossy compression algorithm in which bits are generated in a bit stream, according to their importance. The EZW encoder calculates a best suited threshold value for compress the still image at a specific decomposition level, followed by multilevel decomposition steps using this threshold. Normally the threshold ranges from 6 to 60, for a decomposition level of 8

Fig: Example for a three level wavelet decomposed image

3D Technology

Introduction of 3D Television

Three-dimensional TV 3D Television is expected to be the next revolution in the TV history. They implemented a 3D TV prototype system with real-time acquisition transmission, & 3D display of dynamic scenes. They developed a distributed scalable architecture to manage the high computation & bandwidth demands. 3D display shows high-resolution stereoscopic colour images for multiple viewpoints without special glasses. This is first real time end-to-end 3D TV system with enough views & resolution to provide a truly immersive 3D experience.Japan plans to make this futuristic television a commercial reality by 2020as part of abroad national project that will bring together researchers from the government, technology companies and academia. The targeted "virtual reality" television would allow people to view high definitionimages in 3D from any angle, in addition to being able to touch and smell the objects being projected upwards from a screen to the floor.

Power Quality

INTROUCTION

The aim of the power system has always been to supply electrical energy to customers. Earlier the consumers of electrical energy were mere acceptors. Interruptions and other voltage disturbances were part of the deal. But today electric power is viewed as a product with certain characteristics which can be measured, predicted, guaranteed, improved etc. Moreover it has become an integral part of our life. The term 'power quality' emerged as a result of this new emphasis placed on the customer utility relationship.

The fact that power quality has become an issue recently does not mean that it was not important in the past. Utilities all over the world have for decades worked on the improvement of what is now known as power quality. In the recent years, users of electric power have detected an increasing number of drawbacks caused by electric power quality variations. These variations already existed on the electrical system but only recently they are causing serious problems. This is because of the fact that end use equipments have become more sensitive to disturbances that arise both on the supplier as well as the utility side. End use equipments are more interconnected in networks and industrial processes, that the impact of a problem with any piece of equipment is much more severe. To improve power quality with adequate solutions, it is necessary to know what kinds of disturbances occurred. A power quality monitoring system that is able to automatically detect, characterize and classify disturbances on electrical lines is therefore required.

INCREASED INTEREST IN POWER QUALITY

Power quality is an increasingly important issue for all business. A recent study by IBM showed that power quality problems cost US business more than $15 billion a year. The increased interest in power quality has resulted in significant advances in monitoring equipments that can be used to characterize disturbances and power quality variations. The recent increased interest in power quality can be explained in a number of ways.
¢ Equipments have become more sensitive to voltage disturbances
The electronic and power electronic equipments have especially become much more sensitive to voltage disturbances than their counterparts 10 or 20years ago.
¢ Equipments cause voltage disturbances
Modern electronic and power electronic equipments are not only sensitive to voltage disturbances but also cause disturbances for other customers. E.g. Non-sinusoidal current drawn by rectifiers and inverters.
¢ Technical challenge taken up by utilities
Designing a system with a high reliability of supply at a limited cost is a technical challenge which appealed to many in the power industry and hopefully still does in the future.
¢ Power quality can be measured.
The availability of electronic equipments to measure and show wave forms has certainly contributed to the interest in power quality.

Black-Box

Abstract::

As the technology progressing, the speed of traveling is also increased. The source to destination became so closer to each others. The main advancement in the field of the air traveling system with the help of airplane. This is the major discovery of technology. But as the speed increases , the horror of air crash also introduced. Because at a height of 2000m and above if a plane crashes ,it will be a terror for any body. So to take the feed back of the various activities happens in the plane and record them engineers need a mechanism to record such activities .
With any airplane crash, there are many unanswered questions as to what brought the plane down. Investigators turn to the airplane's flight data recorder (FDR) and cockpit voice recorder (CVR), also known as "black boxes," for answers. In Flight 261, the FDR contained 48 parameters of flight data, and the CVR recorded a little more than 30 minutes of conversation and other audible cockpit noises.

Instrumentation & Control Engineering Seminar Report

Instrumentation & Control Engineering Seminar Report

1. Radar Technology & Its applications
2. Navigation
3. LASER induced Breakdown Spectroscopy.
4. Radio Frequency Identification
5. Medical Endoscope.
6. OPC server.
7. Un-manned aerial vehicle.
8. Global Positioning System (GPS).
9. Gyroscope.
10. Wireless Bio Telemetry.

Wireless LAN Security

Wireless LAN Security

Wireless local area networks (WLANs) based on the Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) standards are one of today's fastest growing technologies in businesses, schools, and homes, for good reasons. They provide mobile access to the Internet and to enterprise networks so users can remain connected away from their desks. These networks can be up and running quickly when there is no available wired Ethernet infrastructure. They can be made to work with a minimum of effort without relying on specialized corporate installers. 

Some of the business advantages of WLANs include: 

" Mobile workers can be continuously connected to their crucial applications and data;
" New applications based on continuous mobile connectivity can be deployed;
" Intermittently mobile workers can be more productive if they have continuous access to email, instant messaging, and other applications;
" Impromptu interconnections among arbitrary numbers of participants become possible.
" But having provided these attractive benefits, most existing WLANs have not effectively addressed security-related issues.

THREATS TO WLAN ENVIRONMENTS

All wireless computer systems face security threats that can compromise its systems and services. Unlike the wired network, the intruder does not need physical access in order to pose the following security threats:

Eavesdropping

This involves attacks against the confidentiality of the data that is being transmitted across the network. In the wireless network, eavesdropping is the most significant threat because the attacker can intercept the transmission over the air from a distance away from the premise of the company.

Tampering

The attacker can modify the content of the intercepted packets from the wireless network and this results in a loss of data integrity.

Unauthorized access and spoofing

The attacker could gain access to privileged data and resources in the network by assuming the identity of a valid user. This kind of attack is known as spoofing. To overcome this attack, proper authentication and access control mechanisms need to be put up in the wireless network.